UUpython这段代码是一个Python脚本，它是一个用于生成汉字笔顺和相关信息的工具。它使用了tkinter库来创建一个简单的图形用户界面（GUI），用户可以在界面上输入汉字，选择颜色等选项，然后生成相应的汉字笔顺和相关信息。以下是这段代码的主要功能和流程：
- 导入所需的模块：
re: 用于正则表达式操作urllib.request、urllib.parse: 用于进行网页请求和URL编码time: 用于添加延时os: 用于文件和文件夹操作lxml.etree: 用于解析HTML/XML文档pandas: 用于数据处理和Excel操作openpyxl: 用于处理Excel文件cairosvg: 用于将SVG路径转换为PNG图片tkinter: 用于创建GUI界面
- 创建了一个类
SelectPage，该类包含了GUI界面的创建和各种用户交互的函数。 - 在
createWidgets函数中，使用tkinter库创建了一个GUI界面，包括选择字体颜色、最后一笔颜色、选择汉字文件和保存文件夹等功能。 craw_pinyin函数用于获取汉字的拼音信息。ChangeSVG2png函数用于将SVG路径转换为PNG图片，并根据用户选择的颜色进行着色。craw函数用于从百度网站获取汉字的各种详细信息，如拼音、笔画数、汉字动画、读音地址、字谜、基础释义等。createBiShun函数用于批量生成汉字的笔顺和相关信息，并将结果写入到Excel文件中。if __name__ == '__main__':部分初始化了一个tkinter窗口，并创建了SelectPage类的实例来启动程序。
需要注意的是，这段代码中使用了一些外部库和依赖项，如果你想运行这段代码，确保你已经安装了这些依赖项。另外，代码中有一些中文注释，可能在部分编程环境中需要设置正确的编码方式来确保注释显示正常。
# -!- coding: utf-8 -!-
import re
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import time
import os
from lxml import etree
import pandas as pd
from openpyxl import load_workbook
#将SVG路径转换为png图片
from cairosvg import svg2png
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from tkinter.filedialog import askdirectory
from tkinter.filedialog import asksaveasfilename
from tkinter.ttk import *
OUTPUTADDRESS = 'D:/汉字笔画/'
def select_db_file(self):
db_file = askopenfilename(title="请选择汉字文件",filetypes=[('xlsx', '*.xlsx')])
self.db.set(db_file)
def select_save_file(self):
save_directory = askdirectory(initialdir=OUTPUTADDRESS)
self.f.set(save_directory+ '/')
class SelectPage:
def __init__(self, parent_window):
parent_window.destroy() # 销毁子界面
super(SelectPage, self).__init__()
self.createWidgets()
def createWidgets(self):
# 设置界面
self.window = tk.Tk() # 实例化object，建立窗口window
self.window.winfo_toplevel()
self.window.title('笔顺生成工具------Design By xxx')
# 字体颜色
font_color_label = Label(self.window, font=('微软雅黑', 10), text='字体颜色', justify='right')
font_color_label.grid(row=1,column=1,padx=(2,0),pady=(2,0),sticky='WE')
font_color_label2 = Label(self.window, font=('微软雅黑', 6), text='(黑色:#000000；灰色:#B8B8B8)', justify='right',background='lightskyblue')
font_color_label2.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=(2, 0), pady=(2, 0), sticky='WE')
self.window.font_color = tk.StringVar(value='#B8B8B8')
font_color_entry = Entry(self.window, width=80, textvariable=self.window.font_color)
font_color_entry.grid(row=1, column=3, padx=3, pady=3, sticky='WE')
# 字体最后一笔颜色
font_color_last_label = Label(self.window, font=('微软雅黑', 10), text='最后一笔颜色', justify='right')
font_color_last_label.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=(2,0), pady=(2,0), sticky='WE')
font_color_last_label2 = Label(self.window, font=('微软雅黑', 6), text='(白色:#FFFFFF；红色:#FF1111)',justify='right',background='lightskyblue')
font_color_last_label2.grid(row=2, column=2, padx=(2, 0), pady=(2, 0), sticky='WE')
self.window.font_color_last = tk.StringVar(value='#B8B8B8')
font_color_last_entry = Entry(self.window, width=80, textvariable=self.window.font_color_last)
font_color_last_entry.grid(row=2, column=3, padx=3, pady=3, sticky='WE')
# 需要爬取信息的汉字文件路径
self.window.db = tk.StringVar()
db_select = Button(self.window, text='汉字文件',command=lambda:select_db_file(self.window))
db_select.grid(row=3,column=1,columnspan=2 ,sticky='W',padx=(2,0),pady=(2,0))
ExcelFile_path = Entry(self.window,width=80,textvariable = self.window.db)
ExcelFile_path['state'] = 'readonly'
ExcelFile_path.grid(row=3,column=3,padx=3,pady=3,sticky='WE')
# 需要保存汉字信息的文件夹路径
self.window.f = tk.StringVar()
save_path = Button(self.window, text='笔顺保存地址',command=lambda:select_save_file(self.window))
save_path.grid(row=4,column=1,columnspan=2, sticky='W',padx=(2,0),pady=(2,0))
ExcelOutputFile_path = Entry(self.window,width=80,textvariable = self.window.f)
ExcelOutputFile_path['state'] = 'readonly'
ExcelOutputFile_path.grid(row=4, column=3,padx=3,pady=3,sticky='WE')
# 启动生成笔顺
ExcelFile_sheetName = '生字表（一上）'
create_btn = Button(self.window, text='生成笔顺',command=lambda: createBiShun(self.window,self.window.db.get(),ExcelFile_sheetName,self.window.f.get()))
create_btn.grid(row=5,column=1,columnspan=3,pady=(0,2))
self.window.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
self.window.mainloop()
def get_font_color(self):
return self.window.font_color.get()
# 生成完整字体：读取汉字的详细信息，从百度网站读取信息
def ChineseChangeSVG2png(windows,svg_path,chinese):
#1. 根据路径生成svg_code
# style="fill: #FFFFFF ；黑色字体
outputpath = OUTPUTADDRESS + chinese
svg_output = {
'width':'83px',
'height':'83px',
'xmlns':'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg',
"font_color": "#000000", # 黑色
"font_color_last": "#FF1111", # 红色
"output_address": outputpath,
"output_filename": ''
}
if not os.path.exists(outputpath):#为每个汉字创建文件夹
os.mkdir(outputpath)
svg_code = []
svg_code_temp = '<svg style="width: ' + svg_output['width'] +'; height:' + svg_output['height'] +';" xmlns="' + svg_output['xmlns'] +'">'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
svg_code_temp = ' <g transform="translate(3, 70) scale(0.07, -0.07)">'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
# 加入路径代码
for outputpath_perstep in svg_path:
svg_code_temp = ' <path d="'+outputpath_perstep+'" style="fill: '+ svg_output['font_color'] +';"></path>'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
svg_code_temp =' </g>'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
svg_code_temp = '</svg>'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
# 输出png图片
svgcode = '\n'.join(svg_code)
svg_output['output_filename'] = svg_output['output_address'] + '/' + chinese + '0.png' # 完整汉字的文件以0结尾
try:
svg2png(bytestring=svgcode, write_to=svg_output['output_filename'])
except Exception as e:
print('error:' + e)
def craw_pinyin(chinese):
# 获得汉字的拼音
url = 'http://hanyu.baidu.com/s?wd=' + urllib.parse.quote(chinese) + '&ptype=zici'
header = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.119 Safari/537.36'
}
serverError = True
chinese_details = {
"chinese": chinese, # 汉字
"pinyin": "", # 拼音
}
while serverError:
try:
request = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=header)
reponse = urllib.request.urlopen(request).read()
html = str(reponse)
web_html = etree.HTML(str(reponse, 'utf-8'))
# 取得拼音
try:
pinyin = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="pinyin"]')[0]
pinyin_text = '、'.join(pinyin.xpath('span/b/text()'))
chinese_details['pinyin'] = pinyin_text
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:pinyin")
serverError = False
except Exception as e:
print(chinese + 'server error')
time.sleep(2)
print('读取汉字信息：' + chinese, pinyin_text)
return chinese_details
# 读取汉字的详细信息，从百度网站读取信息
def ChangeSVG2png(windows,svg_path,chinese):
#1. 根据路径生成svg_code
# style="fill: #B8B8B8 ；灰色字体
# style="fill: #FF1111 ；红色字体
outputpath = OUTPUTADDRESS + chinese
svg_output = {
'width':'83px',
'height':'83px',
'xmlns':'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg',
"font_color": "#B8B8B8", # 灰色
"font_color_last": "#FF1111", # 红色
"output_address": outputpath,
"output_filename": ''
}
if not os.path.exists(outputpath):#为每个汉字创建文件夹
os.mkdir(outputpath)
svg_code = []
svg_code_temp = '<svg style="width: ' + svg_output['width'] +'; height:' + svg_output['height'] +';" xmlns="' + svg_output['xmlns'] +'">'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
svg_code_temp = ' <g transform="translate(3, 70) scale(0.07, -0.07)">'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
# 加入路径代码
for outputpath_perstep in svg_path:
if svg_path.index(outputpath_perstep)+1 < len(svg_path):#中间笔画的颜色
# svg_code_temp = ' <path d="'+outputpath_perstep+'" style="fill: '+ svg_output['font_color'] +';"></path>'
svg_code_temp = ' <path d="' + outputpath_perstep + '" style="fill: ' + windows.font_color.get() + ';"></path>'
else:#最后一笔的颜色
# svg_code_temp = ' <path d="' + outputpath_perstep + '" style="fill: ' + svg_output['font_color_last'] + ';"></path>' # 红色
# svg_code_temp = ' <path d="' + outputpath_perstep + '" style="fill: ' + svg_output['font_color'] + ';"></path>' # 灰色
svg_code_temp = ' <path d="' + outputpath_perstep + '" style="fill: ' + windows.font_color_last.get() + ';"></path>' # 灰色
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
svg_code_temp =' </g>'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
svg_code_temp = '</svg>'
svg_code.append(svg_code_temp)
# 输出png图片
svgcode = '\n'.join(svg_code)
svg_output['output_filename'] = svg_output['output_address'] + '/' + chinese + str(len(svg_path)) + '.png'
try:
svg2png(bytestring=svgcode, write_to=svg_output['output_filename'])
except Exception as e:
print('error:' + e)
def craw_pinyin(chinese):
# 获得汉字的拼音
url = 'http://hanyu.baidu.com/s?wd=' + urllib.parse.quote(chinese) + '&ptype=zici'
header = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.119 Safari/537.36'
}
serverError = True
chinese_details = {
"chinese": chinese, # 汉字
"pinyin": "", # 拼音
}
while serverError:
try:
request = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=header)
reponse = urllib.request.urlopen(request).read()
html = str(reponse)
web_html = etree.HTML(str(reponse, 'utf-8'))
# 取得拼音
try:
pinyin = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="pinyin"]')[0]
pinyin_text = '、'.join(pinyin.xpath('span/b/text()'))
chinese_details['pinyin'] = pinyin_text
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:pinyin")
serverError = False
except Exception as e:
print(chinese + 'server error')
time.sleep(2)
print('读取汉字信息：' + chinese, pinyin_text)
return chinese_details
def craw(windows,chinese,ExcelOutputFile_path):
url = 'http://hanyu.baidu.com/s?wd=' + urllib.parse.quote(chinese) + '&ptype=zici'
header = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.119 Safari/537.36'
}
serverError = True
chinese_details = {
"chinese": chinese,# 汉字
"pinyin": "", # 拼音
"stroke_count":"", # 笔画数
"img_address": "",# 笔顺动画
"mp3_address": "",# 发音地址
"zimi":"",# 字谜
"basicmean":"", # 基本释义
"zuci": "", # 相关词组
"synonym":"", # 近义词
"antonym":"", # 反义词
"bishun_svg": "", # 笔顺SVG路径
"baikemean":"" #百科释义
}
while serverError:
try:
request = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=header)
reponse = urllib.request.urlopen(request).read()
html = str(reponse)
web_html = etree.HTML(str(reponse,'utf-8'))
if not os.path.exists(OUTPUTADDRESS + chinese + '/'): # 为每个汉字创建文件夹
os.mkdir(OUTPUTADDRESS + chinese + '/')
# 取得拼音
try:
pinyin = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="pinyin"]')[0]
pinyin_text = '、'.join(pinyin.xpath('span/b/text()'))
chinese_details['pinyin'] = pinyin_text
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:pinyin")
# 取得笔画数
try:
stroke_count = web_html.xpath('//li[@id="stroke_count"]')[0]
stroke_count_text = stroke_count.xpath('span')[0].text
chinese_details['stroke_count'] = stroke_count_text
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:pinyin")
#取得汉字动画和汉字读音
try:
imgs = re.compile('data-gif="(.+?\.gif)"').findall(html)# 获取汉字动图
mp3s = re.compile('url="(.+?\.mp3)"').findall(html)# 获取汉字读音
for img,mp3 in zip(imgs,mp3s):
imagename = ExcelOutputFile_path + chinese + '/' + chinese + '.gif'
imageurl = img
chinese_details['img_address'] = imageurl
mp3name = ExcelOutputFile_path + chinese + '/' + chinese + '.mp3'
mp3url = mp3
chinese_details['mp3_address'] = mp3url
# 下载动画和读音文件
try:
urllib.request.urlretrieve(imageurl, filename=imagename)
urllib.request.urlretrieve(mp3url, filename=mp3name)
except Exception as e:
print(chinese + ' failure')
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:img,mp3")
#取得字谜
try:
zimi = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="miyu-wrapper"]')[0]
zimi_text = ' '.join(zimi.xpath('div/p/text()'))
chinese_details['zimi'] = zimi_text
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:zimi")
#取得基本释义
try:
basicmean = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="basicmean-wrapper"]')[0]
basicmean_text = '。'.join(basicmean.xpath('div/dl/dd/p/text()'))
chinese_details['basicmean'] = basicmean_text
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:basicmean")
# 取得相关组词
try:
zuci = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="zuci-wrapper"]')[0]
zuci_text = '、'.join(zuci.xpath('div/a/text()')[0:-1])
chinese_details['zuci'] = zuci_text
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:zuci")
# 取得近义词
try:
synonym = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="synonym"]')[0]
synonym_text = '、'.join(synonym.xpath('div/a/text()'))
chinese_details['synonym'] = synonym_text
except Exception as e:
# print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:antonym")
pass
# 取得反义词antonym
try:
antonym = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="antonym"]')[0]
antonym_text = '、'.join(antonym.xpath('div/a/text()'))
chinese_details['antonym'] = antonym_text
except Exception as e:
# print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:antonym")
pass
# 取得SVG路径
try:
bishun = web_html.xpath('//div[@class="word-stroke-wrap"]')[0]
bishun_svg = [x.get('d') for x in bishun.xpath('./div[1]/div/div/svg/g/path')]
chinese_details['bishun_svg'] = bishun_svg
svgpaths = bishun_svg[0:-1]
svgpath_perstep = []
for svgpath in svgpaths:
svgpath_perstep.append(svgpath)
ChangeSVG2png(windows, svgpath_perstep, chinese)
ChineseChangeSVG2png(windows, svgpaths, chinese)
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:bishun")
# 取得百科释义
try:
baikemean = web_html.xpath('//div[@id="baike-wrapper"]')[0]
baikemean_text = str(baikemean.xpath('normalize-space(div[2]/p/text())'))
chinese_details['baikemean'] = baikemean_text
except Exception as e:
print("无法获得" + chinese + "的属性:baikemean")
serverError = False
except Exception as e:
print(chinese + 'server error')
time.sleep(2)
print('读取汉字信息：' + chinese,pinyin_text)
return chinese_details
def createBiShun(windows,ExcelFile_path,ExcelFile_sheetName,ExcelOutputFile_path):
# # ExcelFile_path = r'F:\百度网盘同步空间\BaiduSyncdisk\4. 家庭教育\一年级\汉语拼音练习20221010.xlsx'
# # ExcelFile_sheetName = '生字表（一上）'
# df = pd.read_excel(ExcelFile_path, sheet_name=ExcelFile_sheetName, keep_default_na=False, engine='openpyxl') # sheet_name:None-多个工作表读取
#
df = pd.read_excel(ExcelFile_path, sheet_name=0, keep_default_na=False,
engine='openpyxl') # sheet_name:None-多个工作表读取；# sheet_name:ExcelFile_sheetName-指定工作表读取
strs = list(df['内容'])
for st in strs:
chinese = craw(windows,st,ExcelOutputFile_path)
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '拼音'] = chinese['pinyin'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '笔画数'] = chinese['stroke_count'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '笔顺动画地址'] = chinese['img_address'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '读音地址'] = chinese['mp3_address'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '字谜'] = chinese['zimi'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '基础释义'] = chinese['basicmean'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '组词'] = chinese['zuci'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '近义词'] = chinese['synonym'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '反义词'] = chinese['antonym'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '笔画SVG路径PATH'] = '\n'.join(chinese['bishun_svg']) # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
df.loc[df['内容'] == st, '百科释义'] = chinese['baikemean'] # 目标列名为列索引名称，x为目标值，y为更改值
with pd.ExcelWriter(ExcelFile_path, engin='openpyxl') as writer:
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name=ExcelFile_sheetName, index=False)
print("写入完毕")
if __name__ == '__main__':
window = tk.Tk()
app = SelectPage(window)
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